Is it the 'same' result : replication in physics
Physics Replication (Experimental design)
IOP Publishing
2018
EISBN 9781643271620
1. Introduction.
part I. Successful replications. 2. The discovery of the Higgs boson.
3. The observation of gravity waves.
3.1. The binary pulsar.
3.2. The binary black hole merger.
4. The scattering of antineutrons by protons
part II. Failed replications. 5. Is there a Fifth Force?.
5.1. Thieberger's experiment.
5.2. The Eöt-Wash experiment.
5.3. Discussion.
5.4. A Bayesian interlude.
6. Is there a Universal gravitational constant?.
6.1. Measurements of G.
6.2. A curious correlation?
part III. Problems, large and small. 7. Physical constants and the properties of elementary particles.
8. Millikan's measurements of the charge of the electron.
8.1. The 1911 experiment.
8.2. The 1913 experiment.
9. Are there low-mass electron-positron states?.
9.1. Positron lines.
9.2. Electron-positron states.
10. The pentaquark.
10.1. The experimental results.
10.2. Discussion.
11. Whose neutrino is it, Majorana's or Dirac's?.
11.1. The problem.
11.2. The early experiments.
11.3. The second generation experiments.
11.4. Discussion.
12. Conclusion.
Replication, the independent confirmation of experimental results and conclusions, is regarded as the 'gold standard' in science. This book examines the question of successful or failed replications and demonstrates that that question is not always easy to answer. It presents clear examples of successful replications, the discoveries of the Higgs boson and of gravity waves. Failed replications include early experiments on the Fifth Force, a proposed modification of Newton's Law of universal gravitation, and the measurements of 'G', the constant in that law. Other case studies illustrate some of the difficulties and complexities in deciding whether a replication is successful or failed. It also discusses how that question has been answered. These studies include the 'discovery' of the pentaquark in the early 2000s and the continuing search for neutrinoless double beta decay. It argues that although successful replication is the goal of scientific experimentation, it is not always easily achieved.
part I. Successful replications. 2. The discovery of the Higgs boson.
3. The observation of gravity waves.
3.1. The binary pulsar.
3.2. The binary black hole merger.
4. The scattering of antineutrons by protons
part II. Failed replications. 5. Is there a Fifth Force?.
5.1. Thieberger's experiment.
5.2. The Eöt-Wash experiment.
5.3. Discussion.
5.4. A Bayesian interlude.
6. Is there a Universal gravitational constant?.
6.1. Measurements of G.
6.2. A curious correlation?
part III. Problems, large and small. 7. Physical constants and the properties of elementary particles.
8. Millikan's measurements of the charge of the electron.
8.1. The 1911 experiment.
8.2. The 1913 experiment.
9. Are there low-mass electron-positron states?.
9.1. Positron lines.
9.2. Electron-positron states.
10. The pentaquark.
10.1. The experimental results.
10.2. Discussion.
11. Whose neutrino is it, Majorana's or Dirac's?.
11.1. The problem.
11.2. The early experiments.
11.3. The second generation experiments.
11.4. Discussion.
12. Conclusion.
Replication, the independent confirmation of experimental results and conclusions, is regarded as the 'gold standard' in science. This book examines the question of successful or failed replications and demonstrates that that question is not always easy to answer. It presents clear examples of successful replications, the discoveries of the Higgs boson and of gravity waves. Failed replications include early experiments on the Fifth Force, a proposed modification of Newton's Law of universal gravitation, and the measurements of 'G', the constant in that law. Other case studies illustrate some of the difficulties and complexities in deciding whether a replication is successful or failed. It also discusses how that question has been answered. These studies include the 'discovery' of the pentaquark in the early 2000s and the continuing search for neutrinoless double beta decay. It argues that although successful replication is the goal of scientific experimentation, it is not always easily achieved.
