Introduction to the gas phase, An
Gases Gas laws (Physical chemistry)
IOP Publishing
2017
EISBN 9781681746920
1. Introduction.
1.1. States of matter.
1.2. Characteristics of the gas phase.
1.3. Gases and vapours.
1.4. Phase diagrams and phase transitions : under what conditions is a substance a gas?
2. Pressure and temperature.
2.1. Pressure.
2.2. Temperature
3. Relationships between gas properties : the gas laws.
3.1. The relationship between pressure and volume.
3.2. The effect of temperature on pressure and volume.
3.3. The effect of the amount of gas, n.
3.4. equation of state for an ideal gas
4. Ideal gases and real gases.
4.1. The ideal gas model.
4.2. The compression factor, Z.
4.3. equations of state for real (non-ideal) gases
5. A molecular perspective : the kinetic theory of gases and the molecular speed distribution.
5.1. Collisions with the container walls--determining pressure from molecular speeds.
5.2. The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution revisited.
5.3. Mean speed, most probable speed and root-mean-square speed of the particles in a gas
6. Collision rates in gases.
6.1. Collisions with the container walls.
6.2. Collisions with other molecules.
6.3. Mean free path.
6.4. Effusion and gas leaks.
6.5. Molecular beams
7. Transport properties of gases.
7.1. Flux.
7.2. Diffusion.
7.3. Thermal conductivity.
7.4. Summary.
Appendix : the equipartition theorem.
'An Introduction to the Gas Phase' is adapted from a set of lecture notes for a core first year lecture course in physical chemistry taught at the University of Oxford. The book is intended to give a relatively concise introduction to the gas phase at a level suitable for any undergraduate scientist. After defining the gas phase, properties of gases such as temperature, pressure, and volume are discussed. The relationships between these properties are explained at a molecular level, and simple models are introduced that allow the various gas laws to be derived from first principles. Finally, the collisional behaviour of gases is used to explain a number of gas-phase phenomena, such as effusion, diffusion, and thermal conductivity.
1.1. States of matter.
1.2. Characteristics of the gas phase.
1.3. Gases and vapours.
1.4. Phase diagrams and phase transitions : under what conditions is a substance a gas?
2. Pressure and temperature.
2.1. Pressure.
2.2. Temperature
3. Relationships between gas properties : the gas laws.
3.1. The relationship between pressure and volume.
3.2. The effect of temperature on pressure and volume.
3.3. The effect of the amount of gas, n.
3.4. equation of state for an ideal gas
4. Ideal gases and real gases.
4.1. The ideal gas model.
4.2. The compression factor, Z.
4.3. equations of state for real (non-ideal) gases
5. A molecular perspective : the kinetic theory of gases and the molecular speed distribution.
5.1. Collisions with the container walls--determining pressure from molecular speeds.
5.2. The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution revisited.
5.3. Mean speed, most probable speed and root-mean-square speed of the particles in a gas
6. Collision rates in gases.
6.1. Collisions with the container walls.
6.2. Collisions with other molecules.
6.3. Mean free path.
6.4. Effusion and gas leaks.
6.5. Molecular beams
7. Transport properties of gases.
7.1. Flux.
7.2. Diffusion.
7.3. Thermal conductivity.
7.4. Summary.
Appendix : the equipartition theorem.
'An Introduction to the Gas Phase' is adapted from a set of lecture notes for a core first year lecture course in physical chemistry taught at the University of Oxford. The book is intended to give a relatively concise introduction to the gas phase at a level suitable for any undergraduate scientist. After defining the gas phase, properties of gases such as temperature, pressure, and volume are discussed. The relationships between these properties are explained at a molecular level, and simple models are introduced that allow the various gas laws to be derived from first principles. Finally, the collisional behaviour of gases is used to explain a number of gas-phase phenomena, such as effusion, diffusion, and thermal conductivity.
